Laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimally invasive surgery or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique that utilizes small incisions and specialized instruments to perform various procedures within the abdominal or pelvic cavities. Unlike traditional open surgery, which involves larger incisions, laparoscopic surgery involves inserting a thin, flexible tube with a camera (laparoscope) and other tiny instruments through small keyhole incisions. The camera provides high-resolution images of the internal organs, allowing the surgeon to visualize the surgical site in real-time on a monitor. This approach minimizes trauma to surrounding tissues, reduces postoperative pain, and generally results in quicker recovery times for patients. Laparoscopic surgery is employed for a wide range of procedures, including gallbladder removal, appendectomy, hernia repair, and gynecological surgeries. Its advantages in terms of reduced scarring, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery have made it a preferred choice for many surgical interventions.