Pathology is the medical specialty that involves the study and diagnosis of diseases through the examination of tissues, organs, bodily fluids, and cells. Pathologists, trained medical doctors with expertise in pathology, play a critical role in understanding the nature and causes of diseases. Anatomic pathology involves examining tissues and organs through techniques such as biopsies or autopsies, while clinical pathology focuses on analyzing blood, urine, and other bodily fluids to diagnose and monitor diseases. Pathological findings guide treatment decisions, and advancements in molecular pathology and diagnostic technologies have enhanced precision in disease identification. Pathologists also contribute to medical research, uncovering insights into the mechanisms of diseases and developing new diagnostic tools. Pathology is integral to modern healthcare, bridging the gap between clinical observations and scientific understanding to ensure accurate disease diagnosis and effective patient management.